NURS 6521 weeks 1 Discussion: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
specialized training Advance practice nurses must be familiar with and comprehend the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the various medications they will be prescribing during their career because nurses will interact with a diverse range of people. According to Rosenthal and Burchum (2018), pharmacodynamics is the study of medications’ biochemical and physiologic effects on the body and the molecular mechanisms by which those effects are created. Pharmacokinetics is the study of drug mobility within the body. The four fundamental processes of pharmacokinetics are absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (Rosenthal & Burchum, 2018). Discussion of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in NURS 6521, week 1.
A 68-year-old woman visits the hospital because she is experiencing flushing and general malaise. The patient is hypertensive and mildly tachycardic upon assessment. The patient has made no complaints of pain. The patient has a medical history of chronic kidney disease, COPD, hypertension, anxiety, and depression. The reason for the patient’s admission is a hypertensive emergency. For her depression and hypertension, the patient takes a serotonin reuptake inhibitor and an ace inhibitor.
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The patient’s chronic renal illness is one thing to remember when treating them. When treating this patient with new medications, it will also be necessary to take into account the chronic renal illness, which may be one of the causes of the patient’s uncontrolled hypertension. Discussion of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in NURS 6521, week 1 The patient’s adherence to their drug routine at home may be a second influence. Exposure to the environment may be a third factor.
Asking the patient about her compliance with her at-home medication schedule would be one of the first things that would need to be done. It was critical to acquiring a renal function panel to ascertain whether the patient was experiencing acute renal failure. A better care plan for the patient’s long-term therapy could be created if this information is collected.
At least 50% of all necessary drugs are affected by renal dysfunction, and changes in drug reactions are attributed to pharmacokinetics in patients with acute kidney failure or damage (Keller & Hann, 2018). Patients with impaired renal function benefit greatly from the four fundamental pharmacokinetic processes. Discussion of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in NURS 6521, week 1. All four processes include movement, and the medication’s ability to work properly may be affected if one is hindered.
While evaluating the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a medication’s effectiveness, environmental exposures can also be taken into account. A recent study demonstrated that environmental pollutants like pesticides could change the pharmacokinetics of medication metabolism and drug-metabolizing enzymes (Banerjee, 2020).
Finally, developing a comprehensive treatment plan would benefit from knowing all the specifics of this patient’s case. I would continue the patient’s home dose and patient monitoring once the hypertensive crisis was under control. The patient may need to take more medicine or add a second hypertension drug to what they are already taking. Discussion of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in NURS 6521, week 1.
References
Banerjee et al. (01/17/2020). Effect of environmental exposure and pharmacogenomics of drug metabolism.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/1389200221666200110153304
Keller, F., & Hann, A. (2018). Principles of drug response and alterations in kidney disease.
Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2018). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice providers. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
Discussion: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
As an advanced practice nurse assisting physicians in diagnosing and treating disorders, it is important to understand the impact of disorders on the body and drug treatments on the body. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics can describe the relationships between drugs and the body.
Pharmacokinetics describes what the body does to the drug through absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, whereas pharmacodynamics describes what the drug does to the body NURS 6521 week 1 Discussion: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics.
When selecting drugs and determining dosages for patients, it is essential to consider individual patient factors that might impact the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes. These patient factors include genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, behaviour (i.e., diet, nutrition, smoking, alcohol, illicit drug abuse), and/or pathophysiological changes due to disease.
For this Discussion, you reflect on a case from your past clinical experiences and consider how a patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes may alter his or her response to a drug.
To Prepare
- Review the Resources for this module and consider the principles of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
- Reflect on your experiences, observations, and/or clinical practices from the last 5 years and think about how pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors altered or her anticipated response to a drug.
- Consider factors that might have influenced the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes, such as genetics (including pharmacogenetics), gender, ethnicity, age, behaviour, and/or possible pathophysiological changes due to disease.
- Think about a personalized plan of care based on these influencing factors and patient history in your case study.
By Day 3 of Week 1
Post a patient case description from your experiences, observations, and/or clinical practice from the last 5 years. Then, describe factors that might have influenced the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes of the patient you identified. Finally, explain details of the personalized care plan you would develop based on influencing factors and patient history in your case. Be specific and provide examples. NURS 6521 weeks 1 Discussion: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
By Day 6 of Week 1
Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses and respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days by suggesting additional patient factors that might have interfered with the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes of the patients they described. In addition, suggest how the personalized plan of care might change if the age of the patient were different and/or if the patient had a comorbid condition, such as renal failure, heart failure, or liver failure.
Note: For this Discussion, you are required to complete your initial post before you will be able to view and respond to your colleagues’ postings. Begin by clicking on the “Post to Discussion Question” link, and then select “Create Thread” to complete your initial post. Remember, once you click on Submit, you cannot delete or edit your own posts, and you cannot post anonymously. Please check your post carefully before clicking on Submit! NURS 6521 week 1 Discussion: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics