Alterations in Oxygen Transport

Karen Smith, age fifty-six years, came to her nurse practitioner (NP) with fatigue, pallor, dyspnea on exertion, and palpitations. Her laboratory report indicates that her hematocrit, hemoglobin, and reticulocyte counts are low, her MCV is high, and her MCH and MCHC are normal. Her diagnosis is pernicious anemia.

Answer the following questions regarding Karen’s anemia and provide the pathophysiology associated with the body’s response to this disease process:

Why should Karen’s NP ask her about paresthesia and ataxia?
Why did her NP prescribe vitamin B12 by intramuscular injection rather than orally?
What causes pernicious anemia?
What technical terms describe anemia with high MCV and normal MCH?

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